Legal Rights of Fathers in Custody Disputes: A Doctrinal Analysis

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Introduction The legal discourse surrounding child custody disputes has evolved significantly, particularly concerning the custodial rights of fathers. In Pakistan, the governing statute is the Guardian and Wards Act, 1890 (گارڈین اور وارڈز ایکٹ, 1890), which delineates the principles under which courts adjudicate custody matters, emphasizing the welfare of the minor as the paramount consideration.

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Procedural and Legal Mechanisms for Addressing Environmental Pollution: A Comprehensive Guide

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Environmental degradation constitutes a profound threat to public health, biodiversity, and sustainable development. The adverse ramifications of pollution—whether atmospheric, aquatic, terrestrial, or auditory—necessitate robust legal interventions and regulatory oversight. In Pakistan, comprehensive statutory frameworks and judicial mechanisms exist to combat environmental infractions. This treatise delineates the procedural avenues available to aggrieved individuals, elaborates on pertinent

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The Role of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in Protecting the Environment in Punjab

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Introduction The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Punjab functions as the preeminent regulatory institution mandated with the enforcement of environmental governance within the province. Constituted under the Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997 (PEPA 1997), the EPA Punjab is vested with extensive statutory authority to legislate, implement, and oversee environmental protection measures. This agency plays a pivotal

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Enforcement of the Punjab Environmental Protection Act, 1997 in Environmental Governance

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Introduction The Punjab Environmental Protection Act, 1997 (\”PEPA 1997\”) serves as the primary legislative instrument governing environmental regulation in Punjab, Pakistan. It provides a comprehensive legal framework aimed at pollution control, conservation of natural resources, and the promotion of sustainable development. The enforcement of PEPA 1997 is facilitated through a robust institutional framework, including regulatory

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How is \”False or Fake Information\” Defined in the Context of the New Amendments?

Leave a Comment / Criminal Law, PECA Act /

In an era dominated by digital communication, the proliferation of false or fake information has emerged as a significant global challenge. Governments worldwide have responded by enacting stringent legal frameworks to mitigate its spread and impact. Pakistan, recognizing the gravity of this issue, has introduced amendments to its existing laws to address the dissemination of

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How is \”False or Fake Information\” Defined in the Context of the New Amendments?

Leave a Comment / Criminal Law, PECA Act /

In an era dominated by digital communication, the proliferation of false or fake information has emerged as a significant global challenge. Governments worldwide have responded by enacting stringent legal frameworks to mitigate its spread and impact. Pakistan, recognizing the gravity of this issue, has introduced amendments to its existing laws to address the dissemination of

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Penalties for Disseminating False or Fake Information Under the Amended Law in Pakistan: A Comprehensive Legal Analysis

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The proliferation of false or fake information in the digital age has emerged as a significant challenge for legal systems worldwide. In Pakistan, the amended legal framework, particularly the Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act (PECA), 2016, imposes stringent penalties for the dissemination of false or fake information. This article provides a rigorous legal analysis of

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How Do the 2025 Amendments Alter the Original Provisions of PECA 2016?

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The Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act (PECA) 2016 represents a pivotal legislative framework in Pakistan, designed to address the burgeoning challenges posed by cybercrime. As digital technologies evolve, so too do the complexities of cyber threats, necessitating periodic updates to legal statutes. The 2025 amendments to PECA 2016 signify a substantial overhaul of the original

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Key Offenses Defined Under PECA 2016: A Comprehensive Legal Analysis

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The Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act (PECA) 2016 is a cornerstone of Pakistan’s legislative framework designed to address the escalating challenges of cybercrime in the digital era. Enacted to regulate electronic communication and combat cyber threats, PECA 2016 outlines several key offenses and prescribes corresponding penalties. This article provides an in-depth analysis of the major

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Legal Implications of Converting Religion in a Marriage

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Converting religion within a marriage represents a highly intricate and sensitive issue, particularly in Pakistan, where personal laws are profoundly interwoven with religious doctrines. This interdependence originates from Pakistan’s unique legal framework, which draws heavily from Islamic jurisprudence, or Shariah. Matters of marriage, divorce, and inheritance transcend mere legal obligations, reflecting religious and moral dimensions

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