What Acts Are Considered Cruelty to Animals Under the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, 1890?
IntroductionThe phenomenon of animal cruelty in Pakistan presents a complex matrix of ethical, cultural, and jurisprudential challenges. The legislative lacunae and administrative inertia in enforcing animal protection laws have resulted in persistent violations of animal welfare. Within this context, the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, 1890 (hereinafter referred to as the 1890 Act) remains